What findings will the administrative law judge make after the hearing?

The correct response is that the administrative law judge will make findings of fact and conclusions of law after the hearing. This process is integral to administrative hearings as it involves evaluating the evidence presented, determining what facts are established based on that evidence, and articulating the legal standards that apply to those facts.

Findings of fact are statements about what actually happened, and they are crucial for understanding the situation at hand. Conclusions of law lay out how those facts fit into the existing legal framework or regulations. This structured outcome is essential, as it provides a basis for understanding the administrative law judge's decision and allows for potential further legal actions or appeals based on the established facts and interpretations of the law.

In contrast, the other options either understate the breadth of the judge's role (such as just determining a penalty) or suggest actions that do not fit within the judge's function in administrative proceedings, such as issuing warnings or recommending criminal charges, which fall outside the scope of the judge's authority in a civil administrative hearing setting.